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Tiina Myllymaa, Henrik Holmberg and Pekka Ahtila
Soot sludge is a waste stream formed in the fuel oil gasification of formic acid and hydrogen peroxide production. The soot sludge has a high moisture content (95%) and is presently combusted with heavy fuel oil in order to dispose of the sludge. Experim...
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Bor-Yann Chen, Yuan-Ting Tsao and Shih-Hang Chang
This study explored an economically-feasible and environmentally friendly attempt to provide more electrochemically promising carbon cloth anodes for microbial fuel cells (MFCs) by modifying them with candle soot coating. The sponge-like structure of the...
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Gyami Shrestha, Samuel J. Traina and Christopher W. Swanston
Produced from incomplete combustion of biomass and fossil fuel in the absence of oxygen, black carbon (BC) is the collective term for a range of carbonaceous substances encompassing partly charred plant residues to highly graphitized soot. Depending on i...
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Francesco Barato
Hybrid rockets using specific oxidizer?fuel combinations are considered a green alternative to current propulsion systems, as they do not release very toxic or polluting exhausts, but only much less harmful substances such as carbon monoxide/dioxide and ...
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Frances C. Moore
Air pollutants such as tropospheric ozone and black carbon (soot) also contribute to the greenhouse effect. Black carbon is thought to be the second or third most important anthropogenic contributor to global warming, while troposheric ozone is the fourt...
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Aniket R. Khade, Vijaya D. Damodara and Daniel H. Chen
A fuel mixture of ammonia and natural gas as a low-carbon alternative for future power generation and transportation is an attractive option. In this work, a 50-species reduced mechanism, NH3NG, suitable for computational fluid dynamics simulations (CFD)...
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Yuliya Koudryashova, Tatiana Chizhova, Mutsuo Inoue, Kazuichi Hayakawa, Seiya Nagao, Evgeniya Marina and Rodrigo Mundo
A vertical pattern of fractionated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) was studied in the Japan Basin in the Sea of Japan. The highest PAH concentration was found in the mesopelagic realm, possibly resulting from deep convection and/or subduction of i...
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Ting Yuan, Jian Zhang, Yong Xiang and Liyu Lu
With rapid urbanisation in China, sustainable urban development faces a major obstacle due to insufficient consideration of land-use efficiency. Currently, despite progress in analysing land-use efficiency, not every land manager has enough knowledge of ...
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Arkadiusz Jamrozik, Wojciech Tutak and Karol Grab-Rogalinski
The search for alternative fuels that can limit the use of traditional fossil fuels to power internal combustion engines is one of the main tasks faced by both the modern automotive industry and the modern energy industry. This paper presents experimenta...
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Alexandre Merlen, Josephus Gerardus Buijnsters and Cedric Pardanaud
sp2 hybridized carbons constitute a broad class of solid phases composed primarily of elemental carbon and can be either synthetic or naturally occurring. Some examples are graphite, chars, soot, graphene, carbon nanotubes, pyrolytic carbon, and diamond-...
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Yue Zhou, Xin Wang, Xueqin Wu, Zhiyuan Cong, Guangming Wu and Mingxia Ji
In this study, we attempted to quantify light absorption by insoluble light-absorbing particles (ILAPs) such as black carbon (BC), organic carbon (OC) and iron oxides in snow using an optical method directly and compared the results with those obtained u...
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Gang Wu, Jiaoxiu Li, Hao Guo, Xin Wang and Guohe Jiang
The use of alternative fuels in ships faces the dual challenge of emission regulations and cost of use. In this paper, the impact of biodiesel blends from cooking waste as a carbon-neutral fuel for inland waterway vessels was investigated. The software A...
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Janarjan Bhandari, Swarup China, Timothy Onasch, Lindsay Wolff, Andrew Lambe, Paul Davidovits, Eben Cross, Adam Ahern, Jason Olfert, Manvendra Dubey and Claudio Mazzoleni
The optical properties (absorption and scattering) of soot particles depend on soot size and index of refraction, but also on the soot complex morphology and the internal mixing with materials that can condense on a freshly emitted (nascent) soot particl...
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JAVIER MIRANDA,J. R. MORALES,THOMAS A. CAHILL,F. ALDAPE,J. FLORES M.
Samples of airborne particulate matter with sizes between 0 and 15 µm in Mexico City were analyzed in order to evaluate its elemental composition. Samples were collected during one week in August 1990, using a Stacking Filter Unit (SFU), resulting in the...
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José V. Pastor, Carlos Micó, Felipe Lewiski, Francisco J. Tejada and Cinzia Tornatore
Synthetic fuels significantly reduce pollutant emissions and the carbon footprint of ICE applications. Among these fuels, oxymethylene dimethyl ethers (OMEX) are an excellent candidate to entirely or partially replace conventional fuels in compression ig...
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Van Chien Pham, Beom-Seok Rho, Jun-Soo Kim, Won-Ju Lee and Jae-Hyuk Choi
A numerical study was carried out to investigate the effects of methane (CH4), ethane (C2H6), propane (C3H8), butane (C4H10), and dimethyl ether (DME) on the combustion and emission characteristics of a four-stroke gas-diesel dual-fuel (DF) marine engine...
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Ho Young Kim and Nag Jung Choi
This paper presents the combustion and emissions characteristics including volatile organic compound (VOC) of a common rail direct injection diesel engine fueled with palm oil biodiesel blends contained 0%, 10%, 30%, and 100% (by volume) biodiesel at low...
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Roman Yarovoy,Natalia Chernetskaya-Beletskaya,Evgeny Mikhailov
Pág. 52 - 58
Shunting locomotives at railroad stations account for most emissions of pollutants into the atmosphere. A significant share of these emissions depends on the position of the driver's controller that is used to operate a diesel locomotive, as each positio...
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Miho Kiriya, Tomoaki Okuda, Hana Yamazaki, Kazuki Hatoya, Naoki Kaneyasu, Itsushi Uno, Chiharu Nishita, Keiichiro Hara, Masahiko Hayashi, Koji Funato, Kozo Inoue, Shigekazu Yamamoto, Ayako Yoshino and Akinori Takami
Observation of the ambient aerosol surface area concentrations is important to understand the aerosol toxicity because an increased surface area may be able to act as an enhanced reaction interface for certain reactions between aerosol particles and biol...
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Firas Alrawi
Pág. 197 - 203
This study explores the role of using Intelligent Transportation Systems ITS to solve environmental problems, caused mainly by traffic congestion, within the city of Baghdad. The issues of congestion stem from the lack of street capacity, facilities to a...
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