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Wen Cao, Jiaqi Xu, Yong Zhang, Siqi Zhao, Chu Xu and Xiaofeng Wu
The artificial bee colony algorithm (ABC) is a promising metaheuristic algorithm for continuous optimization problems, but it performs poorly in solving discrete problems. To address this issue, this paper proposes a hybrid discrete artificial bee colony...
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Tian Lan, Zhilin Li, Jicheng Wang, Chengyin Gong and Peng Ti
Schematic maps are popular for representing transport networks. In the last two decades, some researchers have been working toward automated generation of network layouts (i.e., the network geometry of schematic maps), while automated labelling of schema...
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Mohammad Naser Lessani, Jiqiu Deng and Zhiyong Guo
Multiple geographical feature label placement (MGFLP) is an NP-hard problem that can negatively influence label position accuracy and the computational time of the algorithm. The complexity of such a problem is compounded as the number of features for la...
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Noboru Abe, Kohei Kuroda, Yosuke Kamata and Shogo Midoritani
Appropriate place labels, which provide the name or attribute of a graphical feature, are important in geographical information systems and cartography. Herein, an internal label placement method was proposed for area features, such as cities, prefecture...
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Fuyu Lu, Jiqiu Deng, Shiyu Li and Hao Deng
Label placement is a difficult problem in automated map production. Many methods have been proposed to automatically place labels for various types of maps. While the methods are designed to automatically and effectively generate labels for the point, li...
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Lin Li, Hang Zhang, Haihong Zhu, Xi Kuai and Wei Hu
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