Resumen
Digital twins and cyber-physical systems are increasingly gaining attention due to active research and implementation in many industries. The article provides an overview of the main areas of application of digital twins and cyber-physical systems in the field of electric and thermal energy generation, which strives to adapt to the digital age. The definitions of ?digital twin? and ?cyber-physical system? given in various sources are considered, general characteristics are highlighted from various formulations for each of the terms, the relationship of these concepts is analyzed, and the classification of digital twins by type is given. The work examines the existing publications on this topic and provides digital twins using examples in the energy sector for solving various problems, such as analysis and risk-based management of the state of equipment, design and commissioning of new equipment, support for the operator's work, optimization of the efficiency of business operations, and training. The result of this work is the identification of the types of problems for the solution of which digital twins and cyber-physical systems are used. The results obtained will be used for further research on the application of digital twin technology in the energy sector.