Resumen
Composites were shown to be the most promising materials for protection against electromagnetic fields. A technology of magnetic treatment of textile material with magnetic fluid and technology of ultrasonic treatment of a mixture of latex and iron ore concentrate has been developed. This has increased saturation of fibers of the textile material with magnetic fluid nanoparticles, dispersity of the iron ore concentrate, and isotropy of the liquid metal-polymer material. As a result of the use of this technology, the consumption of magnetic fluid for the treatment of the textile material decreased from 45?50 g/m2 to 35 g/m2 with an improvement of shielding properties. It has been experimentally established that one layer of metal-textile material reduces the magnetic field of industrial frequency by 6 times and the electric field of industrial frequency by 1.5 times. Corresponding figures for the metal-polymer material were 3 and 2. It was found that an electromagnetic field with a frequency of 2.45 GHz is reduced 3.6 times by the single-layer metal-textile material and 5.7 times by the metal-polymer material. It was shown that the metal-textile material with such properties is suitable for the manufacture of personal protective means for personnel operating electrical and radio transmission equipment. Metal-polymeric material is suitable for the manufacture of collective protective means. A calculated evaluation of the effectiveness of protective materials was proposed. It is based on determining the shielding factors of structures of standard shapes. This enables the determination of electrophysical and magnetic properties of the material and their use in the development of protective materials with required shielding factors. The necessity of optimization of shielding factors under conditions of simultaneous influence of electromagnetic fields of heterogeneous sources was substantiated