Resumen
Thyroid cancers are the most common endocrine cancers and their incidence has increased significantly in recent decades worldwide. Total thyroidectomy is recognized as the gold standard treatment for thyroid cancers. However, controversies remain regarding lymph node dissection and the related morbidities. The aim of our retrospective study was to analyse the risk factors of post-thyroidectomy complications and to assess the morbidity of lymph node dissection, especially in the central neck compartment, since prophylactic central lymph node dissection has not been proven to bring an overall survival benefit. In a cohort of 1547 patients with thyroid carcinoma who underwent total thyroidectomy with or without lymph node dissection, we found that lymph node dissection in the central and lateral compartments, respectively, increased the risk of transient and permanent hypoparathyroidism and recurrent laryngeal nerves injuries.