Resumen
Patients with symptomatic Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) showed upregulated gene expression of biological pathways associated with T cell activation and suppression of a key transcription factor HOXB13, which is associated with transcription and epigenetic regulation of prostate cancer (PCa). In contrast, patients with BPH who later developed PCa showed significantly reduced inflammation and revealed activation of several transcription factors related to PCa, including HOXB13, AR, FOXA1 and SIM2. It may be clinically beneficial for urologists to be able to distinguish between men with BPH who are at a higher risk of developing PCa in the future based on their molecular subtype.