Resumen
The research aims to evaluate the diagnostic performance of low-dose chest CT (LDCCT) in detecting pulmonary infections in neutropenic patients with hematologic malignancies. Driven by concerns over radiation exposure in high-risk patients undergoing standard chest CT scans (SDCCT), the research investigates whether LDCCT, with reduced radiation and noise reduction algorithms, matches SDCCT in image quality and diagnostic accuracy. Involving 164 neutropenic patients with 256 CT exams, the study scrutinizes specific radiological criteria linked to pulmonary infections. The researchers analyzed objective parameters (such as image noise and attenuation levels), subjective evaluations (image quality, noise, and artifacts), and diagnostic performance. The findings reveal a 47% reduction in radiation dose with LDCCT but a lower diagnostic performance, especially in detecting consolidation and ground glass opacities. The authors caution against relying solely on LDCCT for initial assessments in patients with hematologic malignancies, emphasizing the importance of further research to optimize diagnostic protocols.