Resumen
Mucosal melanoma (MM) is a rare melanoma subtype that affects mucosal surfaces of the head and neck, anorectal region, and vulvovaginal area. Due to its rarity, the management, monitoring, and treatment of MM lack standardization, often relying on protocols designed for cutaneous melanoma (CM). In this retrospective, registry-based cohort study, we analyzed epidemiological and histological data together with the treatments administered to gain insights into the disease?s behavior, treatment patterns, and potential predictors of survival. Our findings reveal that lower disease stage, thinner Breslow depth, and surgical resection are associated with improved overall survival, while age, sex, radiotherapy, and BRAF mutant status do not significantly affect survival. Standard systemic management typically includes immunotherapy (anti-PD-1 or anti-PD-1 and anti-CTLA-4). For cases with BRAF or c-KIT mutations, targeted therapies may be considered. The prognosis is unfavorable, with a survival rate of less than 50% at 2 years.