Resumen
High-grade gliomas (HGGs) in the cerebellum of children have been rarely described. We studied the histological and molecular features of a series of five pediatric high-grade gliomas in the cerebellum. These unique cases showed histological and immunohistochemical similarities to medulloblastoma, which is a main differential diagnosis of poorly differentiated tumors in the cerebellum in children. Furthermore, these tumors showed high scores by NanoString-based transcriptomic assay for medulloblastoma. Genomic methylation profiling, however, revealed that they clustered to the glioblastoma subclasses. TP53 mutations were found in all cases by panel sequencing. This study adds to the rare pathological and molecular characterization of pediatric cerebellar high-grade gliomas and shows that their histological, immunohistochemical, and transcriptomical characteristics overlap with those of medulloblastoma. We recommend the use of both methylation array and TP53 screening in the differential diagnoses of poorly differentiated embryonal-like tumors of the cerebellum.